Light and matter are two facets of physical world. Despite apparent differences, there exists a striking duality between them. The interaction between light and matter not only causes a shadow, but also it has led to the discovery of quantum physics and the invention of modern day technology including laser and optical fiber communications.

In this colloquium, we consider various topics of controlling light using light matter interactions (soliton communication, stopping light, photonic crystals etc.) which are reviewed from a perspective of dispersion control. In a dual picture, we address the issue of controlling matter (Bose-Einstein Condensate) using light and explain the atom laser.